{"id":504,"date":"2022-07-19T01:09:59","date_gmt":"2022-07-18T22:09:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/?p=504"},"modified":"2022-07-19T01:10:02","modified_gmt":"2022-07-18T22:10:02","slug":"isci-sinifi-partisinin-kitleler-icinde-sistemli-ve-surekli-kilinmis-gunluk-calismasi-uzerine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/isci-sinifi-partisinin-kitleler-icinde-sistemli-ve-surekli-kilinmis-gunluk-calismasi-uzerine\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 partisinin kitleler i\u00e7inde sistemli ve s\u00fcrekli k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lenin\u2019in de s\u0131k s\u0131k vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u201cHer devrimin temel sorunu devlet iktidar\u0131 sorunudur<\/em>.\u201d[1]<\/a> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n politik iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek egemen s\u0131n\u0131f olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, kurtulu\u015funu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi yeni toplumsal d\u00fczeni kurmas\u0131n\u0131n  (kom\u00fcnist toplum) \u00f6n ko\u015fuludur. Bu nedenle, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi her \u015feyden \u00f6nce devlet iktidar\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesini merkezine alan politik bir m\u00fccadele olmak, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bilinci de politik sosyalist bir bilin\u00e7 d\u00fczeyine y\u00fckselmek zorundad\u0131r. Devrimin zaferi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesi i\u00e7in sadece objektif ko\u015fullar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve olgunla\u015fmas\u0131 yetmez. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra s\u00fcbjektif ko\u015fullar\u0131nda da olu\u015fmas\u0131, haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekir. S\u00fcbjektif ko\u015fullar kendili\u011finden olgunla\u015fmaz. Parti s\u00fcbjektif unsurun hem en temel unsuru hem de haz\u0131rlayan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkelerin kapitalist-emperyalist sistem i\u00e7indeki konumlar\u0131, kapitalizmin geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyi ve bi\u00e7imi ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli sosyal s\u0131n\u0131flarlar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki ve \u00e7eli\u015fkiler, s\u0131n\u0131flar m\u00fccadelesinin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ko\u015fullar vb. farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki acil g\u00f6rev, izlenecek strateji ve taktikler de \u00fclkelere ve zamana g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Devrilecek s\u0131n\u0131f (ya da s\u0131n\u0131flar ittifak\u0131), i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcttefikleri, tarafs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak ve kazan\u0131lacak g\u00fc\u00e7ler (devrimin temel ve yedek g\u00fc\u00e7leri) \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterir. Ancak, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek egemen s\u0131n\u0131f olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve kom\u00fcnist toplumu in\u015fa edebilmesi; i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin karma\u015f\u0131k ve s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullar\u0131nda yolunu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmamas\u0131na, do\u011fru bir strateji ve taktik \u00e7izgide geli\u015fmesine, ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n deste\u011fini almas\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n hareketine \u00f6nderlik etmesine, yalpalayan toplumsal g\u00fc\u00e7leri tarafs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, devrime haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve s\u00fcbjektif etken, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra her tarihsel d\u00f6nemdeki m\u00fcttefiklerinin de haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve devrimci m\u00fccadeleye kazan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, onlar\u0131n hareketinin de do\u011fru bir \u00e7izgide geli\u015fmesini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihsel deneyimin da kan\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kendili\u011finden hareketin dar alan\u0131nda bu g\u00f6revlerin \u00fcstesinden gelemez. Bunlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin ko\u015fulu; devrimci teoriyle i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin birle\u015fmesi, onun eylemi ve m\u00fccadelesinin bu teorinin k\u0131lavuzlu\u011funda ilerlemesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak ve ancak devrimci teoriyle donanm\u0131\u015f bir parti, do\u011fru bir strateji ve taktikler geli\u015ftirebilir ve devrimin s\u00fcbjektif ko\u015fulunun haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 en geni\u015f kitleler aras\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctleyebilir. Parti, devrimin temel g\u00fcc\u00fc olan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u2013kad\u0131n ve gen\u00e7leriyle birlikte ba\u015fta kent ve k\u0131r yar\u0131 proletaryas\u0131, yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fck ve ezilen milliyetler olmak \u00fczere\u2013 \u00fclkeden \u00fclkeye de\u011fi\u015fen yedek g\u00fc\u00e7leri durumundaki di\u011fer ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131flardan olu\u015fan devrimin itici g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin giderek geni\u015fleyen kesimlerini<\/s> devrimci siyasi m\u00fccadeleye kazanamazsa, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, sermayenin egemenli\u011fine son verme amac\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremez. Partisinin y\u00f6netiminde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve geli\u015fmesi, t\u00fcm ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kitlelerin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n birle\u015fik m\u00fccadelesinin do\u011fru bir \u00e7izgide ilerlemesinin de ko\u015fuludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n devrimci partisi, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 ve halk\u0131, siyasi iktidar\u0131 elinde tutan ve devleti kendi egemenli\u011finin bir arac\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen kapitalist s\u0131n\u0131fa kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede \u00f6rg\u00fctlemeli ve y\u00f6netmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapitalist devlet, burjuvazinin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve t\u00fcm emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131flar \u00fczerindeki diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ifadesidir. Bu diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck, liberal demokrasi, otoriter rejimler, neo-liberal, sosyal demokrat ve fa\u015fist h\u00fck\u00fcmetler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen gerici bi\u00e7imler ve askeri diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckler t\u00fcr\u00fcnden \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imler al\u0131r. Kapitalist-emperyalist egemenlik hangi bi\u00e7imi al\u0131rsa als\u0131n, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n devrimci partisi, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve di\u011fer emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kapitalist devlet ve politikalar\u0131yla g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak y\u00fczle\u015fmesinin, bask\u0131 ve zorbal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ve demokrasinin, sendikal ve siyasi haklar\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n en kararl\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmal\u0131; gericili\u011fe ve fa\u015fizme her ko\u015fulda kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131; ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkelerde ulusal egemenlik ve emperyalist egemenli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele bayraklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, sendikal m\u00fccadelede, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve demokrasi i\u00e7in siyasi m\u00fccadelede, b\u00fct\u00fcn olumsuzluk ve haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131yla kapitalizmin te\u015fhiri ve sosyalizmin ve onun s\u0131n\u0131f dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve kolektivizm gibi maddi ve manevi dayanaklar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve te\u015fvik edilmesinde devrimci partisinin y\u00f6netiminde bilimsel sosyalizmi kavray\u0131p \u00f6z\u00fcmseyerek ilerleyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emperyalizm ve proleter devrimler \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Kapitalist-emperyalist sistemin egemenli\u011fi d\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findedir. Sosyalizmin ge\u00e7ici yenilgisine ra\u011fmen, kapitalizmin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanan burjuvazi ve emperyalizmin egemenli\u011fine son verme ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu m\u00fccadelesinin nesnel ko\u015fullar\u0131 gezegenin her yerinde mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapitalist-emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele; burjuvazi ve emperyalizmin b\u00f6lmeye ve birbirine kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 birli\u011fini gerektirdi\u011fi gibi, ezilen halklarla birli\u011fini; geli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist \u00fclkelerin proletaryas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclke i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve halklar\u0131n\u0131n verdikleri m\u00fccadeleyle birle\u015ftirilmesini gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. SOSYAL\u0130ZM VE \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 HAREKET\u0130N\u0130N B\u0130RLE\u015eMES\u0130<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partisi, Lenin\u2019in de vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi; \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin sosyalizmle birli\u011fidir,<\/em> ama herhangi bir sosyalizmle, burjuva ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva sosyalizmiyle de\u011fil, proleter sosyalizmiyle, Marksist sosyalizmle birli\u011fidir. Bu birli\u011fin iki unsuru tarihsel \u00f6n ko\u015fullar\u0131 itibariyle ortak bir temele \u2013kapitalizm ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131karak geli\u015fmesi\u2013 sahip olmakla birlikte, birbirinden ayr\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.<\/strong> Her \u00fclkede Marksist teoriyle ilk kez y\u00fcz y\u00fcze gelen ve onu sistematik bir bi\u00e7imde \u00f6\u011frenme olana\u011f\u0131na sahip olanlar genellikle<\/strong>, toplumun her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilimsel bilgiyi edinme, \u00f6\u011frenme ve kullanma olana\u011f\u0131na sahip e\u011fitilmi\u015f kesimleridir. Bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde de, s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcz yeni bir d\u00fcnya, yeni bir toplumsal d\u00fczen aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7ine girenlerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bu teoriyi \u00f6\u011frenmeye ve uygulamaya y\u00f6nelir. Bu nedenle, Lenin\u2019in de belirtti\u011fi gibi; \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde i\u015f\u00e7i hareketiyle sosyalizmin birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ayr\u0131 yollarda y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir d\u00f6nem olmu\u015ftur.<\/em>\u201d Birbirinden ayr\u0131 geli\u015ftikleri, birle\u015fip kayna\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece \u201cbu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme, sosyalizmin ve i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde sosyalizmin i\u015f\u00e7i hareketiyle birle\u015fmesidir ki, ikisi i\u00e7in de sa\u011flam bir temel yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. <\/strong>Bu birle\u015fme ve kayna\u015fma kendili\u011finden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi kadar, tarihsel deneyimin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonra da kesintisiz bir bi\u00e7imde kendini yeniden \u00fcreterek geli\u015fen, bir daha sars\u0131lmayan, hatta birbirinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmeyen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak ilerlemez. Bu, her \u00fclkede ve de\u011fi\u015fik tarihsel d\u00f6nem ve ko\u015fullarda farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde ve farkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikler kazanarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen, ini\u015fler ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flarla ilerleyen zorlu bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Marksist teori ve sosyalizmin olu\u015fma ve geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci gibi, onun i\u015f\u00e7i hareketiyle birle\u015fme s\u00fcreci de, ba\u015fka \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, en liberalinden en gerici olan\u0131 da dahil burjuvazinin belli ba\u015fl\u0131 t\u00fcm ak\u0131mlar\u0131na, burjuva ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva sosyalizmine kar\u015f\u0131 iki cephede y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen kararl\u0131 ve kesintisiz bir m\u00fccadelenin tarihidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.<\/strong> 1890\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llara do\u011fru Marksizmin \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i hareketi i\u00e7indeki di\u011fer ideolojiler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz bir zafer kazan<\/em>\u201dmas\u0131yla (Lenin) birlikte; Marksizm kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda gerileyen burjuva, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva sosyalizminin belli ba\u015fl\u0131 ak\u0131mlar\u0131, varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve Marksizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerini Marksizm g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda, onun saflar\u0131nda ve genel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde onun zemininde de s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye y\u00f6neldi. Bu y\u0131llar ve sonras\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda; burjuva-kapitalist akademik \u00e7evrelerde geli\u015ftirilen tezlerden de esinlenip beslenerek, Marksizm ad\u0131na onun burjuva, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla revizyonuna ve devrimci-proleter \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yok etmeye y\u00f6nelen, ko\u015fullardaki de\u011fi\u015fim ve yeni geli\u015fmeleri bunun i\u00e7in kullanan e\u011filim ve ak\u0131mlar\u0131n proleter sosyalist hareketin saflar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve elveri\u015fli ko\u015fullar buldu\u011funda geli\u015fti\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazand\u0131. U\u00e7 verme ve elveri\u015fli ko\u015fullarda geli\u015fmekten de \u00f6te, bu e\u011filim ve ak\u0131mlar, II. Enternasyonal\u2019i \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6t\u00fcren y\u0131llar ve ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda devrimci i\u015f\u00e7i hareketine egemen oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.<\/strong> M\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015fme ve proleterle\u015fme s\u00fcreci, di\u011fer toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalardan, onlar\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00f6zelliklerini de ta\u015f\u0131yan kesimlerin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n saflar\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Y\u00fcksek tekel k\u00e2rlar\u0131, kapitalizmin tekelci a\u015famas\u0131nda burjuvazinin sistematik sat\u0131n alma ve yozla\u015ft\u0131rma faaliyeti ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n burjuva tabakas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi ve b\u00fcrokrasini geli\u015ftirme olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletir. T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, i\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal varolu\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131, burjuvazinin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve hareketi \u00fczerindeki \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bask\u0131s\u0131 vb. Marksizm g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc olanlar\u0131 dahil burjuva, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva sosyalizmi ve di\u011fer gerici ak\u0131m ve ideolojilerin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve hareketi i\u00e7inde varl\u0131k bulmalar\u0131 ve yay\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131ca etkenler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. <\/strong>Burjuvazi, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelelerinden, Paris Kom\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ba\u015fta Ekim Devrimi olmak \u00fczere proleter devrimlerinden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar ve derslerle, proleter sosyalizmi ile i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin birle\u015fmesini engellemek, birle\u015fti\u011finde de birli\u011fini bozmak, da\u011f\u0131tmak ve yeniden kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm olanak ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kulland\u0131 ve kullanmaya devam ediyor. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, burjuvazi; s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ko\u015fullar ve bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n belirledi\u011fi \u00f6ncelikler temelinde bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r\u00fcn en ince ve vah\u015fi t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sistemli ve kesintisiz bir sat\u0131n alma ve yozla\u015ft\u0131rma, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve hareketi i\u00e7inde dayanaklar geli\u015ftirme gibi t\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemleri ve ekonomik, politik, askeri t\u00fcm olanak ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 koordineli bir bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131p uygulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i hareketiyle Marksist sosyalizmin birle\u015fmesi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir toplumsal g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin ilerledi\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7 uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde ilk kez; oport\u00fcnist e\u011filimlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131karak geli\u015fmesi ve II. Enternasyonal\u2019e egemen olmas\u0131yla birlikte, k\u0131smen ve ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in de olsa kesintiye u\u011frad\u0131. Marksizmin kapitalizmin son a\u015famas\u0131na yarat\u0131c\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde uygulanmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi (Leninizm ve Bol\u015fevik Parti deneyimi), ba\u015fta II. Enternasyonal oport\u00fcnizmi ve revizyonizmi olmak \u00fczere her t\u00fcrden oport\u00fcnizme ve sapmaya kar\u015f\u0131 kararl\u0131 bir m\u00fccadelenin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, Ekim Devriminin zaferi, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yeni tipte M-L partileri ve Komintern\u2019in kurulmas\u0131yla birlikte; sars\u0131l\u0131p gerileyen bu birlik, daha sa\u011flam temeller \u00fczerinde yeniden sa\u011flan\u0131p peki\u015ferek ilerledi. Bu ilerleme, I. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m ve m\u00fccadelelerin ard\u0131ndan, kapitalist d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin \u00f6ncesine g\u00f6re g\u00f6receli bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecine girdi\u011fi 1920\u2019li ve kapitalist-emperyalist sistemin tarihinin en \u015fiddetli bunal\u0131mlar\u0131ndan birinin patlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede fa\u015fist diktat\u00f6rl\u00fcklerin kuruldu\u011fu 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda, II. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda da bir s\u00fcre devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8.<\/strong> Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda \u2013i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n sosyalizmi kurmaya giri\u015fti\u011fi\u2013 Ekim Devriminin de etkisiyle \u00f6ncesinden \u00e7ok daha ileri d\u00fczeyde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ferek geli\u015fen bilimsel sosyalizmle i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin birle\u015fme s\u00fcreci, modern revizyonizmin i\u015f\u00e7i hareketine egemen olmas\u0131yla birlikte yeniden sars\u0131larak kitlesel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte kesintiye u\u011frad\u0131. II. Enternasyonal oport\u00fcnizmi ile modern revizyonizmin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p geli\u015ftikleri tarihsel ko\u015fullar ve bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n belirleyip \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi \u00f6zellikler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli farkl\u0131l\u0131klar oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, ikisinin i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci \u00fczerindeki etkileri ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da farkl\u0131 oldu.[3]<\/sup><\/a> Modern revizyonizm, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de etkileri hala devam eden ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve hareketinde kendisinden \u00f6nceki ihanetlerle k\u0131yaslanmayacak d\u00fczeyde a\u011f\u0131r kay\u0131plarla tahribat ve yenilgiye yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. <\/strong>Ba\u015fta Enver Hoca ve AEP olmak \u00fczere M-L parti, \u00f6rg\u00fct ve \u00e7evreler modern revizyonizme kar\u015f\u0131 kararl\u0131 bir m\u00fccadele ba\u015flat\u0131p y\u00fcr\u00fctmelerine kar\u015f\u0131n, modern revizyonizmin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci hareketine egemen olmas\u0131 engellenemedi\u011fi gibi, bu egemenlik, s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde zay\u0131flamakla birlikte 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonu ve 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na kadar devam etti. Uzun denilebilecek bir s\u00fcre devam eden bu egemenli\u011fin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri; Marksizm-Leninizm ile i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi aras\u0131nda Ekim Devriminin zaferi ve Komintern\u2019in kurulmas\u0131yla s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve geli\u015fmi\u015f olan birli\u011fin kitlesel d\u00fczeyde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tasfiyesi ve ikisinin birbirinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmesi ve g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015fmesi oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 SINIFINA DAYANAN G\u00dcNL\u00dcK PART\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMASI<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

10.<\/strong> 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan CIPOML; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesinin t\u00fcm teorik ve pratik birikiminin; \u201cI. Enternasyonal\u2019le II. Enternasyonal\u2019in devrimci d\u00f6neminin, III. Enternasyonal\u2019in (Kom\u00fcntern\u2019in) ve Kom\u00fcnform\u2019un devrimci d\u00f6neminin, miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve devrimci ilke ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc<\/em>\u201d[4]<\/sup><\/a> ve modern revizyonizme, her t\u00fcrden oport\u00fcnizme ve gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 Marksizm-Leninizme dayanarak ba\u015flat\u0131lan ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen m\u00fccadelenin kesintisiz bir devam\u0131d\u0131r. CIPOML, sosyalizm ve kom\u00fcnizm iddial\u0131 di\u011fer ak\u0131mlardan farkl\u0131 olarak, a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bir Marksist-Leninist ideolojik, politik ve \u00f6rg\u00fctsel platform ve \u00e7izgiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te de a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve eksiklikleri olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, bunu daha da netle\u015ftirip geli\u015ftirdi, geli\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11.<\/strong> Yeni parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin kurulmas\u0131 ve kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla geni\u015flemesine ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine kar\u015f\u0131n; CIPOML, hala s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da \u00fclkede \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc. Ba\u015fta en geli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist \u00fclkeler ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli ba\u015fl\u0131 \u00fclkeler olmak \u00fczere Japonya, B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya, Kanada, \u00c7in, Arjantin, G. Afrika gibi bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede CIPOML \u00fcyesi parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, olanlarda da parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerimizin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve hareketiyle ba\u011flar\u0131 zay\u0131f. S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131daki \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda CIPOML ve \u00fcyesi parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctler, toplumun sosyalizme y\u00f6nelen ileri unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, ana kitlesi bir yana, hala ileri kesimleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc<\/strong> bir \u00e7ekim merkezi ve bir odak olu\u015fturmuyor. Partilerimizin oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde seyrederken; sendikalar, genellikle s\u0131n\u0131f i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00e7izgisi izleyen sendika b\u00fcrokrasisi ve i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisinin denetimi alt\u0131nda. Partilerimiz aras\u0131nda bu bak\u0131mdan da \u00f6nemli farkl\u0131l\u0131klar olmakla birlikte, CIPOML\u2019nin, sendikalar ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin di\u011fer kitlesel \u00f6rg\u00fctleri i\u00e7indeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve etkisi hala zay\u0131f. Devrimci durumlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayaklanmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen kitle hareketlerinin geli\u015fti\u011fi ve partilerimizin bu hareketler i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli roller oynad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelerde de; partilerimiz, ba\u015fta sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ileri olmak \u00fczere, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu fabrika ve i\u015fyeri \u00f6rg\u00fctleri \u00fczerinden seferber eden ve y\u00f6neten bir genelkurmay durumunda de\u011fil.[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

12.<\/strong> Lenin, s\u0131k s\u0131k hatalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktan utan\u0131p korkmamam\u0131z ve \u201cyap\u0131lan hatalardan ders \u00e7\u0131kararak m\u00fccadeleyi daha iyi nas\u0131l \u00f6rg\u00fctleyece\u011fimizi \u00f6\u011frenme<\/em>\u201dm<\/em>iz[6]<\/sup><\/a> gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor ve \u201cBir siyasal partinin kendi hatalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 tutumu, bir partinin ciddiyetinin ve s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na <\/strong>ve emek\u00e7i kitlelere <\/strong>kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini ger\u00e7ekten <\/strong>yerine getirmesinin en \u00f6nemli ve en do\u011fru k\u0131staslar\u0131ndan biri<\/em>\u201d <\/em>oldu\u011funu belirterek \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyordu: \u201cBir hatay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kabul etmek, nedenlerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak, hataya yol a\u00e7an ko\u015fullar\u0131 adamak\u0131ll\u0131 tahlil etmek, hatay\u0131 d\u00fczeltmenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 adamak\u0131ll\u0131 incelemek \u2013ciddi bir partinin \u00f6zelli\u011fi i\u015fte budur; y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmesidir, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 <\/strong>ve sonra da kitleyi <\/strong>e\u011fitmesidir.<\/em>\u201d[7]<\/sup><\/a> Zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, eksikliklerimizi  ve hatalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 a\u015fman\u0131n yolu; her \u015feyden \u00f6nce onlar\u0131, nedenleriyle birlikte ve dersler \u00e7\u0131kararak t\u00fcm yal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ortaya koymaktan ge\u00e7iyor ve ilerlemek i\u00e7in bunu yapmak zorunday\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13.<\/strong> Marksist-Leninist teorinin temel al\u0131n\u0131p benimsenmesi, onu somut ko\u015fullara uygulama ve buna uygun strateji ve taktikler geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelme, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n devrimci partisi olman\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan sadece biri ve bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7t\u0131r. Partinin, bu arada bizim partilerimizin de s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n devrimci partisi haline gelebilmesi i\u00e7in, bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra; ba\u015fta sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ileri olmak \u00fczere, kitleler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc, sistemli ve kesintiye u\u011framayan g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir devrimci \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi ve buna uygun bir \u00f6rg\u00fctsel yap\u0131 ve i\u015fleyi\u015fe sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir. Parti, ancak t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebildi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n giderek geni\u015fleyen kesimlerinin deste\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenini kazanan, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n en ileri, en fedakar, en kararl\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n devrimci teoriyle donanm\u0131\u015f, en s\u0131k\u0131 disipline sahip \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc birli\u011fi, kadrolar\u0131 ve kitle ba\u011flar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n en ileri bir par\u00e7as\u0131 ve \u00f6nc\u00fc m\u00fcfrezesi haline gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. <\/strong>Kurulu\u015funun ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda Komintern \u00fcyesi partilerin \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu<\/em>\u201d da \u201chen\u00fcz ger\u00e7ekten birer kom\u00fcnist partisi de\u011filler<\/em>\u201ddi. <\/em>Lenin, 1921 A\u011fustos\u2019unda Alman Kom\u00fcnistlerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtiyor ve \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyordu: <\/em>\u201cPartilerimiz \u00fclkelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda hen\u00fcz ger\u00e7ekten birer kom\u00fcnist partisi de\u011filler, ger\u00e7ekten devrimci ve tek devrimci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n, eksiksiz b\u00fct\u00fcn parti \u00fcyeleriyle kitlelerin m\u00fccadelesine, hareketine, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131lan ger\u00e7ek \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc de\u011filler. Fakat bu eksikli\u011fimizin fark\u0131nday\u0131z, bu eksikli\u011fi III. Kongre\u2019nin parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine karar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kesinlikle a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k. Ve bu eksikli\u011fi a\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/em>\u201d[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

15. <\/strong>Bu eksiklik, partilerin, ba\u015fta Ekim Devrimi ve Bol\u015fevik Partisi olmak \u00fczere, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 deneyimi ve Marksist-Leninist teori ve onun unsurlar\u0131ndan biri olan Leninist parti \u00f6\u011fretisi temelinde in\u015fa edilmesi ve kitlelerin kendi \u00f6z deneyimlerinden \u00f6\u011frenmeleriyle birle\u015fen, \u201ceksiksiz b\u00fct\u00fcn parti \u00fcyeleriyle kitlelerin m\u00fccadelesine, hareketine, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131lan<\/em>\u201d kararl\u0131 ve sab\u0131rl\u0131 bir devrimci \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. S\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde artan say\u0131da parti, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n en fedakar, en kararl\u0131, en bilin\u00e7li unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ilerleterek saflar\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen, \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ve parti \u00fcyelerinin s\u0131n\u0131f bile\u015fimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve onun arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla di\u011fer emek\u00e7ilerin geni\u015fleyen kesimlerinin g\u00fcvenini kazanan, onlar aras\u0131nda da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen ve geli\u015fen kitlesel i\u015f\u00e7i partileri haline geldi.[9]<\/sup><\/a> Ancak bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 d\u00fcz ve basit\u00e7e ilerleyen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olmad\u0131; zorluklar ve ini\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar, sapmalar, hatalar, eksiklikler ve bunlar\u0131n ele\u015ftirisi ve a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilerleyen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak geli\u015fti. II. Enternasyonal oport\u00fcnizminin ihanetiyle birlikte sars\u0131lan, sars\u0131lmaktan da \u00f6te gerileyen sosyalizmle i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin birli\u011fi, kararl\u0131 ve sab\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar, ba\u015fta fabrikalar olmak \u00fczere i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve emek\u00e7ilerin yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fyerleri ve alanlar temeli \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselen \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve kesintisiz g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir devrimci \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla, daha ileri bir d\u00fczeyde yeniden sa\u011fland\u0131. Ekim Devriminin zaferi ve Komintern\u2019in kurulu\u015f ve geli\u015fme y\u0131llar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ko\u015fullarda ya\u015f\u0131yor olmam\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131n; bu b\u00fcy\u00fck deneyimi incelememiz ve dersler \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131z, yukarda belirtilen zay\u0131fl\u0131k ve eksikliklerimizi a\u015farak geli\u015fip ilerlememiz bak\u0131m\u0131ndan temel bir \u00f6neme sahip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16.<\/strong> Proleter devriminin maddi ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve bunun bir unsuru olarak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 nicel ve nitel olarak, Ekim Devrimi ve Komintern\u2019in kuruldu\u011fu y\u0131llar bir yana, emperyalist-kapitalist sistemin yeni cephelerden yar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, aralar\u0131nda en ileri kapitalist \u00fclkeler de olan bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partilerinin iktidar alternatifi kitlesel partiler haline geldi\u011fi II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve sonras\u0131yla da k\u0131yaslanmayacak d\u00fczeyde geli\u015fti. Ancak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n politik bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fczeyi, o y\u0131llar\u0131n \u00e7ok gerisinde seyrediyor ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve hareketinin nesnelli\u011fiyle \u00f6znel durumu aras\u0131ndaki bu \u00e7eli\u015fme, proleter devriminin zaferi kadar i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halklar\u0131n g\u00fcncel toplumsal siyasal taleplerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanabilmesi i\u00e7in bile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gereken bir sorun olarak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde duruyor. Bu \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi ancak Marksist-Leninist teori temelinde y\u00fckselen ve geli\u015fen bir ideolojik-teorik m\u00fccadeleyle birle\u015fen, ba\u015fta i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere kitleler aras\u0131nda adanm\u0131\u015f, kararl\u0131 ve sab\u0131rl\u0131 devrimci bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek a\u015fabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

17.<\/strong> Bu ama\u00e7la; Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal’in \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Kongresi\u2019nin “i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu \u00fczerinde bask\u0131n bir etki elde etmek ve bu s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n belirleyici kesimlerini m\u00fccadeleye dahil etmek<\/em>” ve bu kesimlerin etkilerini di\u011fer ezilen s\u0131n\u0131f ve kesimlere do\u011fru yaymak ve “onlar\u0131n sorun ve ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k, eksiksiz ve uzla\u015fmaz ifadesi olmak<\/em>” i\u00e7in tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir dizi y\u00f6nelim yol g\u00f6stericidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu Kongre, “proleterle\u015fmi\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva kesimlerle ili\u015fki kurma<\/em>” ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmi\u015f; \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck bir devrimci g\u00fc\u00e7 olu\u015fturan<\/em>” i\u015fsizler ordusu i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulam\u0131\u015f; proletaryan\u0131n iktidar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i, k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve asker sovyetleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen 1917 Rus Devrimi deneyimine at\u0131fta bulunarak, “devrimci m\u00fccadelede i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra belirleyici bir etken<\/em>” olan k\u00f6yl\u00fcler aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n gereklili\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 Kongre, Avrupa \u00fclkelerindeki durumu analiz ederken, “k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri kom\u00fcnizm fikirlerine kazanma, devrimin sanayi merkezlerinden k\u0131rlara ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn zaferinin en temel \u00f6nko\u015fullardan biri olarak tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ilerini kazanma ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleme…<\/em>” konusunda \u0131srar etmi\u015f; emek\u00e7ilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kesimini olu\u015fturan ve “artan hayat pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, konut krizi ve durumlar\u0131ndaki belirsizli\u011fin bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda, kendilerini siyasi hareketsizlikten kurtaran ve devrim ile kar\u015f\u0131-devrim aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadeleye s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen bir mayalanma durumuna giren kent k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazisinin geni\u015f kesimleri<\/em>” i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemi \u00fczerinde durmu\u015ftur. Kongre, ayr\u0131ca “kapitalizm ile kom\u00fcnizm aras\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminde proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sanayi, ekonomi ve siyasi y\u00f6netimin teknik ve \u00f6rg\u00fctsel sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak olan ticaret ve sanayide \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n, alt ve orta d\u00fczey memurlar\u0131n ve entelekt\u00fcellerin olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f \u00e7evrelerinin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 dile getirerek, bunun, d\u00fc\u015fman saflarda karga\u015faya neden olaca\u011f\u0131 ve proletaryan\u0131n kamuoyunun g\u00f6z\u00fcnde tecrit edilmesine son verece\u011fini belirtti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKom\u00fcnist partiler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva kesimlerin mayalanmas\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan izlemeli, hen\u00fcz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva yan\u0131lsamalardan kurtulmam\u0131\u015f olsalar bile bu kesimlerden en uygun \u015fekilde yararlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yan\u0131lsamalardan kurtulmu\u015f ayd\u0131n ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kesimleri proleter cepheye katmal\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 mayalanmakta olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva kitlelerin e\u011fitiminin hizmetine ko\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/em>“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III. \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 VE EMEK\u00c7\u0130LER\u0130N DURUMUNDAK\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130\u015eMELER VE PART\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMASI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

18.<\/strong> Modern revizyonizmin Uluslararas\u0131 Kom\u00fcnist Harekete egemen oldu\u011fu y\u0131llar ve sonras\u0131; ayn\u0131 zamanda kapitalist geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ve tarihsel e\u011filimlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyen, ama uzla\u015fmaz kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 daha da derinle\u015ftiren ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7an yeni geli\u015fmelerin de oldu\u011fu bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapitalist \u00fcretim tarz\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6zelliklerinden biri, d\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem \u015fu ya da bu \u00fclkede ge\u00e7ici kesintilere u\u011frasa da \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinin ba\u015fta teknik temeli olmak \u00fczere yenilenmesi ve geli\u015fmesidir. \u00dcretici g\u00fc\u00e7lerin geli\u015fmesini s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 etkisine kar\u015f\u0131n tekel rekabeti ortadan kald\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, rekabetin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ve \u00fcst\u00fcnde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in bu \u00f6zellik kapitalizmin son a\u015famas\u0131 olan tekelci a\u015famada da devam eder. Her bak\u0131mdan dengesiz geli\u015fme kapitalizmin mutlak yasas\u0131d\u0131r ve bu yasa tekelci a\u015famada daha \u015fiddetli bir bi\u00e7imde h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ba\u015fta teknik temeli olmak \u00fczere, \u00fcretim s\u00fcreci de dengesiz ve s\u0131\u00e7ramalar\u0131 da i\u00e7erecek bir bi\u00e7imde geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

19.<\/strong> \u00dcretim s\u00fcrecindeki geli\u015fmeler, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak sanayiden tar\u0131ma, ula\u015f\u0131mdan ileti\u015fime, ticaretten finansa, e\u011fitimden sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa ekonominin t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerini, alt yap\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00fcst yap\u0131y\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ve aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri de etkileyen \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7ar. Bilim ve teknikteki devrim gibi, bu geli\u015fmelerin s\u0131\u00e7ramal\u0131 bir \u00f6zellik kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde bu etki ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 daha derin, \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale gelir. Sanayi devrimi, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle son \u00e7eyre\u011findeki geli\u015fmelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve sonras\u0131 bilim ve teknikteki devrim ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, bu bak\u0131mdan \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fiminde de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden olan geli\u015fmeler, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. G\u00fcnl\u00fck, haftal\u0131k, ayl\u0131k i\u015fg\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrelerinin uzat\u0131lmas\u0131, emek yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve verimlili\u011finin artmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fim dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00fcretimin teknik temelinin yenilenmesi ve geli\u015fmesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri; hemen t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00f6zellikle emek-yo\u011fun baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin, y\u00fcksek k\u00e2r imkan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra pazarlara ve hammadde kaynaklar\u0131na yak\u0131nl\u0131k vb. gibi ba\u015fka avantajlar\u0131 da olan \u00fclkelere do\u011fru kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukarda belirtilenlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00fcretimin teknik temelinin ilerlemesi, uzmanla\u015fma ve i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fmesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak daha \u00f6nce fabrika i\u015fyeri \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan i\u015flerin \u2013ara\u015ft\u0131rma-geli\u015ftirme, bak\u0131m ve tamir, g\u00fcvenlik vb. gibi\u2013 bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lma ve yeni i\u015fkollar\u0131 ve alanlar\u0131 haline gelme s\u00fcreci de ilerledi. Sanayi \u00fcretimi ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan bu alan ve i\u015fler di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin hareketini ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini zay\u0131flatmak ve b\u00f6lmek i\u00e7in sanayi i\u015fletmelerinin baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri de di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlere kayd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p onlara ait say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan teknik ilerlemeden kaynakl\u0131 emek verimlili\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra son 30 y\u0131lda i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131l\u0131rken, emek yo\u011funlu\u011fu da art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, daha az i\u015f\u00e7iyle daha fazla \u00fcretim yap\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcm bu geli\u015fme ve uygulamalara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin toplam istihdam i\u00e7indeki oran\u0131 gerilemesine kar\u015f\u0131n; bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede ve en \u00f6nemlisi de d\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde<\/strong> sanayi ve sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin toplam istihdam i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 hem say\u0131 hem de oran olarak azalma bir yana b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam etti. ILO verilerine g\u00f6re; 1990 – 2019 aras\u0131ndaki yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrede toplam istihdam i\u00e7inde sanayinin pay\u0131, durgunluk ve krizlerden kaynakl\u0131 dalgalanmalar olmakla birlikte, %22\u2019den (498.6 milyon) %23\u2019e (749,6 milyon), hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn pay\u0131 %34\u2019den %51\u2019e y\u00fckselirken, tar\u0131m\u0131n pay\u0131 %44\u2019den %27\u2019ye geriledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tar\u0131m\u0131n, ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fimin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn hemen t\u00fcm dallar\u0131nda; finanstan ticarete, antrepo-depolamadan yerel hizmetlere, sa\u011fl\u0131ktan e\u011fitime kadar hemen t\u00fcm alanlarda makinele\u015fme ve makina kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Emek\u00e7ilerin giderek geni\u015fleyen kesimleri sanayi proleterleri gibi daha fazla makinalar\u0131n bir eklentisi olurken, proleterle\u015fme s\u00fcreci ilerledi. Bu alanlar, sermayenin ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerle yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00e2rlar\u0131n elde edildi\u011fi alanlar haline geldi. Ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fim \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmez bir \u00f6nem kazan\u0131rken, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131n\u0131n da eklenmesiyle, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00f6\u011fretmenlerle sa\u011fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00fccretli i\u015f\u00e7iler haline geldi. Teknik ilerlemeye ve di\u011fer geli\u015fmelere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ayn\u0131 miktarda meta daha az say\u0131da i\u015f\u00e7i ile \u00fcretilirken, sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 geni\u015fleyip b\u00fcy\u00fcmekte ve sanayi ekonominin t\u00fcm dallar\u0131na daha fazla n\u00fcfuz etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fck h\u0131zla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr ve \u2013mutlak say\u0131 ve toplam n\u00fcfus i\u00e7indeki oran\u0131 itibariyle\u2013 zay\u0131flarken tar\u0131mda s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7eli\u015fkileri ve ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da geli\u015fti. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u015fehirlere y\u0131\u011f\u0131lan yar\u0131-proleter kitleler b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Tek tek \u00fclkelerde farkl\u0131 ulus ve milliyetlerden i\u015f\u00e7ilerin birlikte \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin \u00f6nemini art\u0131ran \u00fclkeler ve k\u0131talar aras\u0131 kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7ler, \u00f6ncesiyle k\u0131yaslanmayacak boyutlara ula\u015ft\u0131, ve ileri kapitalist \u00fclkeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerimiz t\u00fcm bu geli\u015fmeleri ve yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 irdelemeli ve somut ko\u015fullar\u0131n somut tahlili \u00fczerinden ilerletmelidir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n ilerlemesi bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de buna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21. <\/strong>Modern revizyonizmin i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi \u00fczerinde uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcren egemenli\u011fi[10]<\/sup><\/a>, 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131 ve 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, bizzat modern revizyonistler taraf\u0131ndan da sosyalizmin iflas\u0131 olarak ilan edilen SSCB\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu revizyonist-kapitalist blok ve revizyonist partilerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcp da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imleriyle revizyonist parti ve ak\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme ve zay\u0131flamalar\u0131n\u0131n yeni bir ivme kazanmas\u0131yla sona erdi. Bunlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p par\u00e7alan\u0131r, kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 reformcu sa\u011f veya sol sosyal-demokrat parti ve ak\u0131mlar haline gelirken, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de platformlar\u0131n\u0131 yenileyerek varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye y\u00f6neldi. T\u00fcm burjuva-kapitalist \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan da sosyalizmin iflas\u0131 olarak yans\u0131t\u0131lan bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcp da\u011f\u0131lma, modern revizyonistlerin \u00f6z\u00fc burjuva kapitalist olan d\u00fczenleri ve \u00e7izgilerini son ana kadar Marksist sosyalizm g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerine de ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, kitlelerin sadece geri kesimleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ileri kesimlerinin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan da b\u00f6yle alg\u0131land\u0131. D\u00fcnya burjuvazisi ve t\u00fcm gerici ak\u0131m ve \u00e7evreler, bunlar \u00fczerinden t\u00fcm olanak ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halklar\u0131n t\u00fcm kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmek, devrime ve kom\u00fcnizme ili\u015fkin her \u015feyi mahkum ederek k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc kaz\u0131mak i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibariyle de tarihin en etkili anti-kom\u00fcnist kampanyas\u0131yla sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131lar. \u00d6te yandan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fim de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00fcretimin teknik temelinin yenilenmesi ve geli\u015fmesi; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar\u0131n ve aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecini de etkileyen sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ba\u015fka etkenler ve geli\u015fmelerle birlikte t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n k\u0131sa vadedeki en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri; t\u00fcm ak\u0131mlar\u0131yla sosyalizmin ve anti-emperyalist, demokratik-ilerici d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ak\u0131mlar\u0131n, hatta t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imleriyle sosyal-demokrasinin zay\u0131flamas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7iler ve emek\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda, burjuva d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, liberal, neo-liberal bi\u00e7imlerinden en gerici bi\u00e7imlerine kadar burjuva ideolojisi ve politik ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n hatta Orta\u00e7a\u011f kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 gerici dinsel ak\u0131mlar ve mezheplerin\/tarikatlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi, etkisinin artmas\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 oldu. Sosyalizm ve i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin ku\u015fkusuz ge\u00e7ici olan tarihsel yenilgisi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ideolojik olarak ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131nda partilerimizin geli\u015fmesi bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle; ideolojik-teorik m\u00fccadele platformlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, kitleler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n da t\u00fcm bu geli\u015fmeler ve \u00fclkelerindeki somut ko\u015fullar \u00fczerinden yenilenmesi ve ilerletilmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. \u00d6NCEL\u0130K; BA\u015eTA FABR\u0130KA VE B\u00dcY\u00dcK \u0130\u015eYERLER\u0130 OLMAK \u00dcZERE \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 SINIFI \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEK\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMA<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

22. <\/strong>Burjuva, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva ideologlar ve esinlendikleri burjuva akademik \u00e7evreler, kapitalist geli\u015fmeye e\u015flik eden ve yeni de olmayan s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bile\u015fimindeki \u2013\u00fclkelere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6steren ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da konjonkt\u00fcrel olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan\u2013 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden hareketle, yeni toplumsal g\u00fc\u00e7lerin geli\u015fti\u011fi, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kapitalizme ve sermayenin egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin \u00f6nc\u00fc ve temel g\u00fcc\u00fc olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, art\u0131k Marx\u2019\u0131n belirtti\u011fi tarihi devrimci rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynama vasf\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi vb. i\u00e7erikli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ileri s\u00fcrmektedirler. Onlar\u0131n her f\u0131rsattan yararlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p b\u0131kk\u0131nl\u0131k vererek yineledikleri bu iddialar\u0131n\u0131n tam aksine; sadece m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015fme s\u00fcreci ilerlememekte, onunla birlikte ve onun ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir sonucu olarak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 da b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde geli\u015fmekte ve kesintisiz bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcren s\u0131n\u0131flar m\u00fccadelelerindeki rol\u00fc azalmak bir yana artmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, giderek artan say\u0131da \u00fclkede her t\u00fcrden gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin en kararl\u0131, en tutarl\u0131 ve en devrimci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra nicelik olarak da bu m\u00fccadelenin ba\u015fl\u0131ca ve temel g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmakta ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n nitel ve nicel olarak geli\u015fmesi s\u00fcreci kadar, gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede ona olan ihtiya\u00e7 d\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde geli\u015fip artmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

23. <\/strong>Kapitalist geli\u015fmenin d\u00fczeyi ve bi\u00e7imi \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n sanayi, tar\u0131m, maden, hizmetler gibi de\u011fi\u015fik sekt\u00f6rlerde yo\u011funla\u015fan kesimlerinin geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyi ve bunun belirledi\u011fi bile\u015fimi ve yap\u0131s\u0131 da \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6stermekte ve s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde de de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Ancak t\u00fcm bu geli\u015fmelere ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131n, sanayi proletaryas\u0131, d\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi bug\u00fcn de; Marksist-Leninist \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere en b\u00fcy\u00fck yatk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, en y\u00fcksek entelekt\u00fcel ve politik olgunlu\u011fa sahiptir<\/em>\u201d, dayan\u0131\u015fma ve birlik ruhu, politik, ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel her bak\u0131mdan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme, kolektif hareket etme, m\u00fccadele kapasitesi ve yetene\u011fi vb. t\u00fcm bak\u0131mlardan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f kesimini olu\u015fturur. Ayr\u0131ca \u00fclkelerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda da \u201csay\u0131s\u0131 ve yo\u011funlu\u011fu sayesinde \u00fclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck politik odak noktalar\u0131nda tayin edicidir.<\/em>\u201d Bu nedenle, sadece sanayinin ve sanayi proletaryas\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fti\u011fi \u00fclkelerde de\u011fil, zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerde de \u201cfabrika i\u015f\u00e7ileri aras\u0131nda sa\u011flam bir devrimci \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn yarat\u0131lmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d, g\u00fc\u00e7lerimizin ve olanaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n buna uygun bir bi\u00e7imde harekete ge\u00e7irilmesi, partilerimizin \u201cbirinci ve en acil g\u00f6revidir.<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

24. <\/strong>Bug\u00fcn ba\u015fta yeni kurulanlar olmak \u00fczere parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerimizin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Lenin\u2019in deyimiyle \u201ckendimizi tamamen i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya adama ve bu rotadan en ufak bir sapmay\u0131 \u015fiddetle reddetme kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d[12]<\/sup><\/a> i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f\u00e7i hareketiyle proleter sosyalizminin birle\u015fmesi s\u00fcrecinin \u201cba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00f6neminde<\/em>\u201d bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde en geli\u015fmi\u015f ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011flara ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlere sahip partilerimiz de, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve \u00f6zellikle sanayi proletaryas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu de\u011filse bile, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fa yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 kazanabilmi\u015f, ileri kesimlerini saflar\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctleyebilmi\u015f ve y\u00f6netici organlar\u0131ndan temel \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine kadar \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve \u00fcyelerinin s\u0131n\u0131f bile\u015fimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olabilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Olumlu \u00f6rnekler olmakla birlikte, i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin geli\u015fmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tayin edici olan belli ba\u015fl\u0131 fabrika ve i\u015fyerlerinde sa\u011flam ve kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler kurabildi\u011fimiz, buralar\u0131 bir daha kolay kolay s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp at\u0131lamayacak kaleler haline getirebildi\u011fimiz ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclemez. Bu nedenle parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerimiz, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle modern sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ileri aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n merkezine almal\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7lerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6revlendirmeleri buna uygun yapmal\u0131, m\u00fccadelenin \u00fc\u00e7 temel y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan teorik-ideolojik, politik ve ekonomik m\u00fccadeleyi bu perspektifle ele almal\u0131 ve y\u00fcr\u00fctmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

25.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131yla ba\u011flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalardan partilerimize y\u00f6neli\u015fteki zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve bu kesimler aras\u0131nda partilerimizin etkisinin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve geli\u015fememesinin de ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenlerinden birini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Partilerimizin, ba\u015fta sanayi proletaryas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7indeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ilerletip sa\u011flam \u00f6rg\u00fctler kurduk\u00e7a, onun giderek geni\u015fleyen kesimlerinin g\u00fcven ve deste\u011fini kazan\u0131p her bak\u0131mdan s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline geldik\u00e7e, ayd\u0131nlar, di\u011fer emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131flar ve \u00f6zellikle yar\u0131-proleter kitleler aras\u0131nda etkisi artacak, onlar aras\u0131nda da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n olanaklar\u0131 geni\u015fleyecektir. Ayr\u0131ca, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 kesimleri, kendi aralar\u0131nda ve di\u011fer toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalardan soyutlan\u0131p tecrit edilmi\u015f bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmemektedir. Partinin i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi ve kesintisiz g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir kitle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcterek t\u00fcm \u00fcyelerini bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya katan \u00f6rg\u00fctler kurmas\u0131, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak onun toplumsal ya\u015fam ve ili\u015fkilerin t\u00fcm alanlar\u0131nda etkisinin artmas\u0131 ve ili\u015fkilerinin geli\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, partinin i\u015f\u00e7iler ve \u00f6zellikle sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ileri aras\u0131ndaki, b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalardaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n merkezine oturtup temel almas\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7lerini buna uygun olarak mevzilendirip \u00f6rg\u00fctlemesi, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ve emek\u00e7ilerin di\u011fer kesimlerini ve onlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nemsemeyip bir yana itti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Aksine, partinin bu alanlarda da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctme olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesi ve etkisinin artmas\u0131n\u0131n yolu buradan ge\u00e7mektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7indeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, ku\u015fkusuz; giderek uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte stratejik bir \u00f6nem kazanan enerji \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, ileti\u015fim ve ula\u015f\u0131m i\u015fkollar\u0131n\u0131 da kapsayarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

26. <\/strong>\u00d6te yandan hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde partilerimizin \u201ci\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131na gitme<\/em>\u201d, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ileri aras\u0131nda \u2013b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalarda\u2013 do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctme olana\u011f\u0131 \u2013ya da bu alanda verimli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in gerekli birikim ve \u00f6zelliklere sahip\u2013 olmayan g\u00fc\u00e7leri, parti \u00e7evreleri ve \u00fcyeleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Parti bu g\u00fc\u00e7lerini; toplumsal konumlar\u0131 ve ili\u015fkilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yetenekleri ve partinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alarak, bulunduklar\u0131 \u2013i\u015fyerleri, kurumlar, semtler, k\u00f6yler vb.\u2013 alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmek ve s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7indeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya do\u011frudan kat\u0131lamasalar da, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine katk\u0131da bulunup g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirmeli ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

27.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partisi, Lenin’in “Ne Yapmal\u0131?<\/em>” adl\u0131 eserinde ortaya koydu\u011fu kitleler i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: “Sosyal-Demokrat, sadece s\u00f6zde de\u011fil, proletaryan\u0131n siyasi bilincinin \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc geli\u015fiminden yanaysa, ‘n\u00fcfusun t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na gitmelidir’. […] Teorisyenler, propagandac\u0131lar, ajitat\u00f6rler ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleyiciler olarak ‘n\u00fcfusun t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na gitmeliyiz.’<\/em>“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle iktidar\u0131 ala\u015fa\u011f\u0131 etmek i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7lerin biriktirilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren devrimi \u00f6rg\u00fctleme s\u00fcreci, devrimci partinin, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve di\u011fer s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen ve ezilen s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, kapitalist-emperyalist rejimle y\u00fczle\u015fip sava\u015fan bir blok kurma ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n iktidar\u0131 almas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

28. <\/strong>Kurulur kurulmaz hi\u00e7bir parti, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn kesimleri aras\u0131nda, belli ba\u015fl\u0131 i\u015fyerleri bir yana b\u00fcy\u00fck sanayi i\u015fletmelerinde \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve kesintisiz bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in gerekli kadrolarla ara\u00e7lar ve di\u011fer olanaklara sahip olmaz. \u00d6nemli ve parti \u00f6rg\u00fctlerimizin geli\u015fmeleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tayin edici olan, g\u00fc\u00e7lerimizin en etkili ve verimli bir bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, program\u0131m\u0131za ve \u00f6nceliklerimize uygun bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m ve g\u00f6revlendirmenin yap\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00f6ncelikli ve \u2013ba\u015fta fabrikalar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f yerleri olmak \u00fczere\u2013 temel alanlara y\u00f6nelik faaliyetin kesintisiz ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini g\u00fcvenceye almakt\u0131r. Elimizde son derece s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bulundu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde, g\u00fc\u00e7leri da\u011f\u0131tmamak, i\u015f\u00e7i ve \u00f6zellikle fabrika \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

29.<\/strong> E\u011fer parti, g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve olanaklar\u0131n\u0131, onlar\u0131n do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirilmesi temelinde ve bu de\u011ferlendirmeye uygun bir bi\u00e7imde saptanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6ncelikli fabrika ve i\u015fyerlerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rmaz, parti \u00f6rg\u00fctleri a\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em> ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 derhal t\u00fcm \u00fclkeye ve  b\u00f6lgelere yaymaya y\u00f6nelir, her yere ve her direni\u015fe yeti\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa; fabrikalar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinde \u201csa\u011flam bir temel in\u015fa etmeyi bile ba\u015faramayacak<\/em>\u201d, istikrarl\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bir parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve kitle ili\u015fkileri geli\u015ftirme ve yeni unsurlar kazanmada yetersiz kalacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, iyi niyetli bir az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n uzun ve k\u0131sa vadeli hedeflerinden hi\u00e7birini tam olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremedi\u011fi ve ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremeyece\u011fi, kitlelerle birle\u015fme bir yana i\u00e7ine girmekte bile zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zorlanaca\u011f\u0131, s\u00fcrekli kendini tekrarlayan ve genelle\u015fen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazanaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaz \u015fey olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V. EKONOM\u0130K VE S\u0130YAS\u0130 TE\u015eH\u0130R, AJ\u0130TASYON VE PROPAGANDA<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

30. <\/strong>Partilerimizin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ve halklara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcstlendi\u011fi g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar\u0131 yerine getirme ve ilerlemeleri i\u00e7in, g\u00fc\u00e7lerimizin do\u011fru bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve g\u00f6revlendirilmesini benimsemek, buna y\u00f6nelik kararlar almak yetmez. En az bunlar kadar \u00f6nemli ve tayin edici olan; bunlar\u0131n uygulanmalar\u0131 ve partilerimizin t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fct ve \u00fcyelerinin, ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131yla toplumsal ili\u015fkilerini, \u00fcstlendikleri g\u00f6revlere g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlemeleri, Lenin\u2019in Alman Kom\u00fcnistlerine mektubunda vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201ckitlelerin m\u00fccadelesine, hareketine, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131lan ger\u00e7ek \u00f6nc\u00fc<\/em>\u201dleri olmalar\u0131 ve y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 i\u00e7erik, yayg\u0131nl\u0131k, derinlik, s\u00fcreklilik vb. t\u00fcm bak\u0131mlardan somut ko\u015fullar ve geli\u015fmelere uygun bir bi\u00e7imde ilerleterek, Marksist-Leninist \u00f6\u011fretinin \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczeye y\u00fckseltmeleridir.[13]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

31.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flardan, sadece \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki konumu, \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecindeki yeri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil, bunlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselen g\u00fcnl\u00fck ili\u015fkileri, ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131, olaylara yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc vb. y\u00f6nleriyle de ayr\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri her alanda ilerletecek bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalarak ve ona d\u0131\u015fardan seslenerek y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclemez. Parti \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve \u00fcyelerinin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131 ve ili\u015fkileriyle de s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7inde, ama onun ayr\u0131ks\u0131, ona yabanc\u0131 ve ondan kopuk olmayan s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu, i\u015f\u00e7ileri her bak\u0131mdan ilerletecek bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve taktikler geli\u015ftirmenin; onlar\u0131n nabz\u0131n\u0131 tutma, taleplerini form\u00fcle etme ve aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi kurmada hata yapma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmenin vb. ko\u015fuludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

32. <\/strong>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kendili\u011finden hareketin dar alan\u0131nda siyasal s\u0131n\u0131f bilincine ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Daha ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Lenin sorunun bu y\u00f6n\u00fcne dikkat \u00e7ekiyor, m\u00fccadelenin \u00fc\u00e7 temel y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan ideolojik-teorik, politik ve ekonomik m\u00fccadelenin birbiriyle uyumlu, sistemli ve kesintisiz bir bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinin gereklili\u011fi \u00fczerinde duruyordu. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na siyasal s\u0131n\u0131f bilinci \u201cd\u0131\u015far\u0131dan<\/em>\u201d verilir; bu bilinen bir do\u011frudur, ancak s\u0131n\u0131fa bilinci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n tamamen d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6rne\u011fin burjuva ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n<\/em> verece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. Bilincin<\/em><\/strong> d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan<\/em><\/strong> verilmes<\/em><\/strong>inin anlam\u0131 nettir: \u201cPolitik s\u0131n\u0131f bilinci i\u015f\u00e7iye ancak d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan verilebilir, yani ekonomik m\u00fccadelenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, i\u015f\u00e7ilerle i\u015fverenler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki alan\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan verilebilir. Bu bilginin elde edilebilece\u011fi tek alan, b\u00fct\u00fcn toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ve katmanlar\u0131n devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetle olan ili\u015fkilerinin alan\u0131d\u0131r, b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131flar aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d[14]<\/sup><\/a> Bunu, ancak i\u015f\u00e7i kitleleri i\u00e7inde sistemli bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten partisi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

33.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler, kendili\u011finden hareketin dar alan\u0131nda ve kendili\u011finden sosyalist siyasal bilince ve burjuvaziye kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerinde onlar\u0131 zafere g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek ve kurtulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak bir y\u00f6netim ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fczeyine ula\u015famamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n; k\u0131smi talepleri etraf\u0131nda geli\u015fen m\u00fccadeleleri, ilk bilin\u00e7 k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7akmas\u0131na ve kendi \u00f6z deneyimleriyle ilerleme olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7ar. Bu ilk bilin\u00e7 k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015fece\u011fi, kendili\u011finden geli\u015fen m\u00fccadelelerin bi\u00e7imine, geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecine \u2013i\u015fyeri d\u00fczeyinde bir grevle, genel grevin, genel grevle bir ayaklanman\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar ku\u015fkusuz farkl\u0131 olur\u2013, s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li i\u015f\u00e7i ve \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve sistematik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra daha pek \u00e7ok etkene ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

34.<\/strong> Marksist-Leninist parti, bu nedenle, en geri s\u0131n\u0131fsal talepler etraf\u0131nda da olsa geli\u015fen i\u015f\u00e7i (ve emek\u00e7i) m\u00fccadelelerini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsememeli, bunlar\u0131 ilerletmek ve geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irerek i\u00e7inde ve en \u00f6n\u00fcnde yer almal\u0131, bunlara \u00f6nderlik etmelidir. Ancak bu, partinin nerede bir grev ya da direni\u015f varsa b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7lerini hemen oraya y\u0131\u011fmaya y\u00f6nelmesine, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerini bir grev ve direni\u015ften \u00f6tekine ko\u015fu\u015fturdu\u011fu fabrika, i\u015fyeri, okul, kurum, semt vb. alanlardaki temel \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tasfiye etmese bile zay\u0131flatmas\u0131na ve da\u011f\u0131tmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7mamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, kendili\u011finden patlamalara s\u00f6zde \u00f6nderlik etme ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda en pespaye kitle kuyruk\u00e7ulu\u011fu ve kendili\u011finden hareketin pe\u015finde s\u00fcr\u00fcklenme olur. Ancak \u00f6te yandan parti, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve ili\u015fkisi olmayan \u00f6nemli grev ve direni\u015flerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar\u0131n hakl\u0131 talepleri i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri m\u00fccadeleler ve bu m\u00fccadelelere y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalamaz, onlar\u0131 uzaktan seyretmekle yetinemez. Bu m\u00fccadelelere temel \u00f6rg\u00fctleri \u00fczerinden ve onlar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmadan, gerekti\u011finde ge\u00e7ici \u00f6zel \u00f6rg\u00fctler de kurarak, m\u00fcdahale etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fta fabrika-i\u015fyerleri olmak \u00fczere \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm alanlarda, bu m\u00fccadelelere en ileriden kat\u0131lma, destekleme, ili\u015fkiler kurma ve geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmelidir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler, ancak di\u011fer ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131flar ve halklar \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131 ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imlerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar; anti-emperyalizm, bar\u0131\u015f, demokratik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 gibi ortak talepler i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra onlar\u0131n hakl\u0131 t\u00fcm taleplerini savunur ve bunlar i\u00e7in s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri m\u00fccadeleyi desteklerse t\u00fcm ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kitlelerin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc haline gelebilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

35.<\/strong> Kitlelerin acil g\u00fcnl\u00fck talepleri i\u00e7in m\u00fccadelelerini \u00f6rg\u00fctleyip ilerletme ve bunun zorunlu ko\u015fulu olan ajitasyon ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin en geni\u015f kesimleriyle ba\u011flar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmenin ve onlar\u0131n kendi \u00f6z-deneyimleriyle ilerlemelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olman\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez ko\u015fuludur. Bunu kesintisiz bir bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyen hi\u00e7bir \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u015f\u00e7iler ve emek\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n ve sa\u011flam ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftiremez ve onlarla birle\u015femez. Lenin\u2019in ekonomizme y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirileri, \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva sosyalizminin baz\u0131 ak\u0131mlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin acil talepleri, \u00f6zellikle iktisadi talepleri i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri m\u00fccadelelerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmesi ve \u00f6nemsizle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Partilerimiz, kendili\u011finden hareket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalmaya kadar varan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseme e\u011filimlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, as\u0131l g\u00f6revini unutarak kendili\u011finden hareket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kendinden ge\u00e7me ve tap\u0131nmaya varan e\u011filimlere kar\u015f\u0131 da m\u00fccadele etmeli ve bu e\u011filimlerin partilerimizin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 etkilemesine olanak tan\u0131mayan bir tutum i\u00e7inde olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Kitlelerin acil talepleri i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri m\u00fccadeleye kat\u0131lmal\u0131, ancak kitleler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 bununla s\u0131n\u0131rlamamal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu m\u00fccadelelere sadece onun taleplerini eksiksiz form\u00fcle eden ve en ilerden kat\u0131lan unsurlar olmaktan \u00f6te, i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc olanak ve arac\u0131 kullanarak y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fimiz ekonomik ajitasyonu bizzat bu eylemler s\u00fcrecinde ve onlarla uyumlu bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclecek canl\u0131 ve somut \u00f6rneklere dayanan siyasi te\u015fhir-ajitasyon ve propaganda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirmeliyiz. Siyasi te\u015fhir-ajitasyon ve propaganda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, \u015f\u00fcphesiz siyasal taleplerin ve partinin siyasal program\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, burjuva iktidar\u0131n ala\u015fa\u011f\u0131 edilmesi ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n egemen s\u0131n\u0131f olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi zorunlulu\u011funu kapsamal\u0131d\u0131r. Parti, i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda sistemli, kesintisiz ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck politik te\u015fhir, ajitasyon ve propaganda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlemezse i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bilincini ve eylemini onun kurtulu\u015fu i\u00e7in gerekli politik bilin\u00e7 ve m\u00fccadele d\u00fczeyine y\u00fckseltemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

36.<\/strong> Kitlelerin hareketine kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalmayarak acil talepleri \u00fczerinden ekonomik, siyasal te\u015fhir ve ajitasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme zorunlulu\u011funun dolays\u0131z sonucu, kitlelerin bulundu\u011fu her yerde bulunmak, \u2013ba\u015fta sendikalar olmak \u00fczere dernekler, federasyonlar vb.\u2013 kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinde parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmektir. Partinin, emek\u00e7i kitleleri birle\u015ftirme ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131p e\u011fiterek harekete ge\u00e7irme ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesinin dayanaklar\u0131 olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek devrim i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7 biriktirilmesine hizmet eden aktarma kay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 durumundaki kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve gericili\u011fin denetiminde olanlar da dahil \u00f6zellikle sendikalardaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ya da gizli y\u00f6ntemler kullanarak s\u00fcrekli k\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunluluktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle, sendikal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, fabrikalar ve di\u011fer i\u015fyerlerinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n temel y\u00f6nlerinden biri olmas\u0131 ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sendikalar ve di\u011fer kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile birle\u015ftirilmesi artan bir \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Partinin fabrika ve di\u011fer i\u015fyerlerindeki \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, sendikalarda kal\u0131c\u0131 ve sa\u011flam mevziler kazanman\u0131n temeli ve belirleyenidir. Gerek i\u015fyerlerinde gerekse sendikalarda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada parti s\u0131n\u0131f sendikac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 temel almal\u0131, ancak, hen\u00fcz parti \u00e7izgisini benimsemeyen ama patronlara ve sermayeye kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleden yana olan muhalif ve ilerici, devrimci sendikal ak\u0131mlar ve e\u011filimlerle ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmeli, birlikte m\u00fccadele etmeli ve i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi ve b\u00fcrokrasi aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkilerden yararlanmal\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n sermayeye ve gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede en geni\u015f sendikal ve politik birli\u011fini sa\u011flamaya ve geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu birlik, maddi talepleri ve burjuva egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 siyasal m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde geli\u015fir ve peki\u015fir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n sendikal hareketi ve i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ideolojik, politik ve \u00f6rg\u00fctsel da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131k, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n birli\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131, bu birli\u011fi m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde in\u015fa etmemizi, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n acil taleplerini y\u00fckseltmemizi ve bu m\u00fccadeleleri, g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak, kapitalistlere, burjuva h\u00fck\u00fcmetler ve gerici politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyle birle\u015ftirmemizi gerektirir. Acil taleplerinin elde edilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sermaye ve gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye ve proleter devrim s\u00fcrecine kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 amac\u0131yla i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en geni\u015f sendikal ve siyasi birli\u011fiyle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n toplumun di\u011fer ezilen emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ve tabakalar\u0131yla birli\u011fi sa\u011flanmal\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

37.<\/strong> Ekonomik ve siyasal te\u015fhir, ajitasyon ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, en can al\u0131c\u0131 sorun ve geli\u015fmelerin nedenlerinin ve bunlar\u0131n tam bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn nas\u0131l ve hangi ko\u015fullarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 ile birle\u015fmelidir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin k\u0131sa ve uzun vadeli hedeflerinin ve tam ve kesin kurtulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011finin somut ve canl\u0131 olaylar ve \u00e7eli\u015fkiler \u00fczerinden a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131, kapitalizm ele\u015ftirisi ve sosyalizm propagandas\u0131, ba\u015fta ileri i\u015f\u00e7iler olmak \u00fczere, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin her alanda ilerlemesini sa\u011flayacak e\u011fitsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde daha da ilerletici ve sonu\u00e7 al\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

38.<\/strong> Ekonomik ve siyasi te\u015fhir ve ajitasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla uyumlu, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin giderek geni\u015fleyen kesimlerine do\u011fru yay\u0131lacak bir propaganda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n, kesintisiz bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmemiz gereken g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n temel y\u00f6nlerinden biri olmas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve \u00f6zellikle ileri unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n ilerletilmesi ve partinin dayanaklar\u0131 haline getirilmesinin ko\u015fuludur. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n di\u011fer y\u00f6nleri gibi propaganda \u2013ve onun bir unsuru olan sosyalizmin propagandas\u0131 da\u2013 toplumsal \u00e7eli\u015fkiler ve bunlar\u0131n yans\u0131malar\u0131 olan somut ve canl\u0131 olgular, ger\u00e7ekler \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselmeli, onlara dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi halde genel olarak propaganda, \u00f6zel olarak da sosyalizmin propagandas\u0131 hayattan kopuk kitabi bilgilerin tekrarlanmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ki, bu, Marksizm \u00f6ncesi kom\u00fcnist propaganda d\u00f6nemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f, geriye do\u011fru at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ad\u0131m olur ve b\u00f6yle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ama\u00e7lanana ula\u015f\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

39.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 partisi, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesini ideolojik alanda da geli\u015ftirmelidir; bu ise \u015fu anlama gelir: i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halklar\u0131n m\u00fccadelesini merkezi stratejik hedeflerinden sapt\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan burjuvazinin tezleri ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 durmak; revizyonizmin, Tro\u00e7kizmin, sosyal demokrasinin ve oport\u00fcnizmin kar\u015f\u0131 devrimci karakterini a\u00e7\u0131klamak; Marksist-Leninist tez ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve devrimin itici g\u00fc\u00e7leri i\u00e7inde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak. Ba\u015fta ileri i\u015f\u00e7iler olmak \u00fczere, i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda, burjuva, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva ideolojisinin t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imlerine, anti Marksist ak\u0131m ve e\u011filimlere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ve Marksizm-Leninizmin \u00f6zellikle ileri i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve giderek egemen hale gelmesi, y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecek propaganda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturur. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler ve emek\u00e7ilerle onlar\u0131n kad\u0131n ve gen\u00e7lik kitleleri aras\u0131nda, ba\u015fta bilgi ve bilin\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, genel olarak geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyi farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zeterek \u00f6rg\u00fctlenecek e\u011fitsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, partinin kitleler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 ve ilerletici bir unsurudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

40.<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve propaganda arac\u0131 olan ve \u00fclke ve b\u00f6lge d\u00fczeyinde d\u00fczenli \u00e7\u0131kan gazeteler, TV, radyo vb.\u2019nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bildiriler, afi\u015f, duvar gazeteleri te\u015fhir-ajitasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n en etkili ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Bro\u015f\u00fcrler, kitaplar, dergiler de propagandan\u0131n etkili ara\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fimde \u00fcretimin teknik temelinin yenilenmesiyle telsiz, eski tip telefon, radyo gibi ara\u00e7lara TV, internet, mobil telefonlar gibi dijital platformlar\u0131 kullanan yeni ara\u00e7lar eklendi. Bunlar\u0131n teknik temeli s\u00fcrekli yenileniyor ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor. Partilerimiz, art\u0131k \u00f6nceki yay\u0131n ve ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u2013ki bunlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc ayn\u0131 zamanda te\u015fhir-ajitasyon ve propagandan\u0131n da ara\u00e7lard\u0131rlar\u2013 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bunlar\u0131 da en etkili ve di\u011fer ara\u00e7larla uyumlu bir bi\u00e7imde ve profesyonelce kullanmadan edemezler. Gazete, dergi, bro\u015f\u00fcr, kitap, afi\u015f gibi te\u015fhir, ajitasyon ve propaganda ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemleri ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131, bunlar\u0131 kitleler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fimiz s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve y\u00fcz y\u00fcze te\u015fhir, ajitasyon, propaganda ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirmeliyiz. Yeni ara\u00e7lar ve onlar\u0131n en etkin bir bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131m\u0131, kitleler i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fimiz yaz\u0131l\u0131-s\u00f6zl\u00fc te\u015fhir-ajitasyon, propaganda ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, konferans, panel, toplant\u0131lar ve di\u011fer \u00e7e\u015fitli bireysel ve toplu etkinliklerin yerine ge\u00e7irilemeyece\u011fi gibi, onlar\u0131n alternatifi de olamazlar.<\/strong> Bunlar, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 ve ili\u015fkileriyle de kitlelerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131, ama s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olman\u0131n ve en geni\u015f kesimleriyle ba\u011flar kurmaktan ve bunun i\u00e7in t\u00fcm ara\u00e7 ve olanaklar\u0131 kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131n bir gerek\u00e7esi olamazlar, olmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KES\u0130NT\u0130S\u0130Z G\u00dcNL\u00dcK PART\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMASI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

41.<\/strong> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin canland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da i\u015f\u00e7i eylemlerinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ya da canlanan ve sonra s\u00f6nen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile parti; kitleler aras\u0131nda geli\u015femez, ba\u015fta fabrikalar olmak \u00fczere, kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler kuramaz. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi en g\u00f6rkemli g\u00fcnlerde oldu\u011fu gibi, en geri d\u00fczeye \u00e7ekildi\u011fi d\u00f6nemlerde de, parti kitlelerden kopmamal\u0131, onlarla birlikte, ama ger\u00e7ek \u00f6nc\u00fcleri gibi hareket etmeli, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, ili\u015fkileri ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bi\u00e7imi ve y\u00f6ntemlerini ko\u015fullara uygun olarak yenileyerek geli\u015ftirmelidir. Bu, hareketin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi ve geri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi d\u00f6nemlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra en karanl\u0131k denebilecek bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r ko\u015fullar\u0131nda da kitleler aras\u0131nda kesintiye u\u011framayan devrimci bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin vazge\u00e7ilmez ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan biridir. Lenin\u2019in de s\u0131k s\u0131k vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi; devrimci \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, sadece devrimci d\u00f6nemlerde de\u011fil, hareketin geri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi, hatta yenildi\u011fi, en karanl\u0131k denebilecek bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r ko\u015fullar\u0131nda da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, partinin t\u00fcm \u00fcye ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, ko\u015fullar ne kadar a\u011f\u0131r olursa olsun, kitlelerden kopmadan ve onlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde kalarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00f6rg\u00fct bi\u00e7imlerini ko\u015fullardaki de\u011fi\u015fime uygun bir bi\u00e7imde yenileyebildiklerinde, kesintiye u\u011framayan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olarak y\u00fcr\u00fctebilir. Bunun zorunlu ko\u015fulu oldu\u011fu kadar ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 da, partilerimizi, ba\u015fta fabrikalar olmak \u00fczere, madenler, tar\u0131msal i\u015fletmeler, sa\u011fl\u0131ktan e\u011fitime, ula\u015f\u0131mdan ileti\u015fime hemen t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerde i\u015fyeri birim \u00f6rg\u00fctleri\/h\u00fccreleri temelinde in\u015fa etmek, bu \u00f6rg\u00fctleri partinin temeli haline getirmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

42.<\/strong> Partinin kitleler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ajitasyon ve propaganda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, d\u00fczenli ya da d\u00fczensiz periyotlarla ulusal, b\u00f6lgesel ve i\u015fyeri-fabrika d\u00fczeyinde yay\u0131nlanan gazetelerin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na, okunmas\u0131na, onlara haber yap\u0131lmas\u0131na indirgenmemeli, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n temel unsur ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri olarak ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Temel parti \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131; bildiri, bro\u015f\u00fcr, afi\u015f, duvar gazeteleri, dar ve geni\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i toplant\u0131lar\u0131 gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131-g\u00f6rsel ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc t\u00fcm ara\u00e7 ve y\u00f6ntemlerin en etkin bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile birle\u015ftirirlerse, somut ve canl\u0131 olgulara dayanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctebilirler. Parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ancak, bu birle\u015fme, kesintiye u\u011framayan ve somut ko\u015fullara uygun ve m\u00fccadelenin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na yan\u0131t verecek bir bi\u00e7imde hayata ge\u00e7irildi\u011finde; kitlelerin bilincini, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve m\u00fccadele d\u00fczeyini ilerleten \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc, g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazanabilir. Partinin kitlelerin giderek geni\u015fleyen kesimleri aras\u0131nda kesintiye u\u011framayan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmesinin ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan biri de; fabrikalar, madenler, tar\u0131m i\u015fletmeleri, kurumlar vb. alanlardaki temel \u00f6rg\u00fctler ve \u00fcyelerinin iyi bir i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yapmalar\u0131, parti \u00e7evreleri ve di\u011fer ili\u015fkilerini yeteneklerine uygun i\u015f ve g\u00f6revler vererek, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde harekete ge\u00e7irmeleri, merkezi ve yerel t\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131 uyumlu ve en etkin bi\u00e7imde kullanmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

43.<\/strong> Ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bir\u00e7ok etken ve geli\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131flar m\u00fccadelesinin, burjuvaziyle proletarya aras\u0131nda s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelelerin ko\u015fullar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmektedir ve bundan sonra da de\u011fi\u015fecektir. Parti, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan her ko\u015fulda harekete ge\u00e7me kapasitesine sahip olmal\u0131, kitle hareketi ve \u00fclkenin siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve m\u00fccadele ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve bi\u00e7imleri geli\u015ftirmeli, eylemde bulundu\u011fu somut ko\u015fullara uygun olarak t\u00fcm m\u00fccadele bi\u00e7imlerini ve yasal ve yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 nas\u0131l birle\u015ftirece\u011fini bilmelidir. Parti, en demokratik ko\u015fullardan en koyu gericilik y\u0131llar\u0131na, hareketin y\u00fckseli\u015f d\u00f6nemlerinden geri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi, yenilgiye u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlere kadar her ko\u015fulda kitleler aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131 ve her arac\u0131 kullanarak kitlelerin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en geni\u015f kesimlerine ula\u015fan kesintisiz-g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctmelidir. Kesintisizlikten anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken y\u00f6nlerden biri de, budur. Bunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi, partinin en temel \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden en \u00fcst organ\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle ve her kademede legal ve illegal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6ntemleri, her t\u00fcrden yay\u0131n, se\u00e7imler ve parlamenter m\u00fccadeleye kat\u0131lma gibi bi\u00e7im ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n ko\u015fullara uygun bir bi\u00e7imde birle\u015ftirilmesini ve ko\u015fullardaki de\u011fi\u015fime ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bu ili\u015fkinin s\u00fcrekli yenilenip geli\u015ftirmesini gerektirir. Partilerimiz, en demokratik burjuva cumhuriyeti de dahil her ko\u015fulda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 ve egemenlik ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n parti \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve ili\u015fkileri konusunda en az bilgi sahibi olabilece\u011fi bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fctmek zorundad\u0131r. Bu sadece diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ilerideki olas\u0131 ve yo\u011funla\u015facak sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 etkisiz k\u0131lmak, p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmek ve kay\u0131plar\u0131 en aza indirmek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil, kapitalistlerin i\u015ften atma vb. sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmek, kal\u0131c\u0131 ve sa\u011flam \u00f6rg\u00fctler kurmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da gereklidir. Parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6ntem, bi\u00e7im ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n her ko\u015fulda uygun \u015fekilde birle\u015ftirilmesi, partinin \u00fcst organlar\u0131 kadar en temel \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnde i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dayanan kolektif bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini \u015fart ko\u015far. Partinin ba\u015fta b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalar olmak \u00fczere, kitlelerin oldu\u011fu her yerde \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin kurulmas\u0131; sadece kitleler aras\u0131nda kesintisiz bir faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctme, onlar\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olma, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ruh hallerini do\u011fru saptama, nab\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 en etkili \u015fekilde tutup \u00f6l\u00e7erek do\u011fru taktikler izlemesinin de\u011fil, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme ve en a\u011f\u0131r ko\u015fullarda faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctebilmesinin de ko\u015fulu ve ba\u015fl\u0131ca dayanaklar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Lenin, se\u00e7me eserler, 6.Cilt, Sf:40<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> Lenin, Se\u00e7me Eserler, Cilt. 2, Lenin, sf. 23, Aral\u0131k 1900\u2019de yaz\u0131lan ve Iskra\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fmakalesi olarak yay\u0131nlanan \u201cHareketimizin Acil G\u00f6revleri<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makaleden<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> Modern revizyonizmin y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tahribat\u0131n\u0131n daha a\u011f\u0131r ve uzun s\u00fcreli olmas\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131klamak \u00fczere ikisi aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u015funlar s\u00f6ylenebilir: 2. Enternasyonal oport\u00fcnizmi; a-kapitalist d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7eli\u015fkilerini keskinle\u015ftiren, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir y\u0131k\u0131m ve tahribata yol a\u00e7an yeni bir payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fi, b- bu nedenle kitlelerin kendi \u00f6z deneyimleriyle g\u00f6rme olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla geli\u015fti\u011fi ihanetin ger\u00e7ek y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6rece \u00e7abuk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, c- sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ya\u015fam ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 h\u0131zla k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fen i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda \u00f6fke, ho\u015fnutsuzluk ve m\u00fccadele e\u011filimlerinin geli\u015fti\u011fi ve ba\u015fta Almanya olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede i\u015f\u00e7i ayaklanmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi, d- Ekim Devrimiyle emperyalist kapitalist sistemin Rusya\u2019da yar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve SSCB\u2019nin b\u00fct\u00fcn olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partisi ve hareketinin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi i\u00e7in seferber etti\u011fi ko\u015fullarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve geli\u015fti. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k modern revizyonizm; a- II. payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yeni yar\u0131lmalara u\u011framas\u0131na ve b\u00fcy\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131lar yaratmayan devrevi krizler ya\u015famas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kapitalist d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin, sava\u015f\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecine girdi\u011fi, b- ezilen ulus ve halklar\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrge sisteminin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p par\u00e7alanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an m\u00fccadeleleri s\u00fcrmesine ra\u011fmen i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin geri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi ve \u00f6zellikle ileri kapitalist \u00fclkelerde i\u015f\u00e7ileri yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u201csosyal devlet<\/em>\u201d uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, c- sava\u015ftan kapitalist d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tek hakim g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak \u00e7\u0131kan ABD\u2019nin komutas\u0131nda emperyalistlerin tek merkezden y\u00f6netilen birle\u015fik bir sald\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmelerinin olanakl\u0131 hale geldi\u011fi, d- Arnavutluk d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki sosyalist \u00fclkelerin devrimci i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin anavatan\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131karak kar\u015f\u0131-devrim ve gericili\u011fin dayanaklar\u0131 haline geldi\u011fi ve sahip olduklar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck prestijle ekonomik, politik, askeri t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131n modern revizyonizmin egemenli\u011fi i\u00e7in seferber edildi\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> C\u0130POML M\u00fccadele Platformu: \u201cKapitalizm, \u0130\u015f\u00e7i S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve Kom\u00fcnizm i\u00e7in M\u00fccadele<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> Arap Bahar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Sudan, Haiti, Fransa, Yunanistan, Hindistan, Banglade\u015f gibi bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede d\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem geli\u015fen i\u015f\u00e7i ve halk m\u00fccadelelerinin istikrarl\u0131 ve birle\u015fik bir m\u00fccadele olarak ilerleyememesi ve devrimci durumlar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede zafere ula\u015fma bir yana, ge\u00e7ici ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kazan\u0131mlarla s\u00f6nmesi, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde tam bir yenilgiye u\u011framas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenlerinden biri, en ba\u015fta geleni, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ana kitlesi ya da \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun kendi partisinin y\u00f6netiminde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak bu m\u00fccadelelere kat\u0131lamamas\u0131, bu m\u00fccadelelerin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011finde ve hegemonyas\u0131nda geli\u015fememesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal\u2019in takti\u011fini savunma konu\u015fmas\u0131, Se\u00e7me Eserler, Lenin, Cilt. 10, sf. 316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/a> \u201cSol\u201d Kom\u00fcnizm Bir \u00c7ocukluk Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, Se\u00e7me Eserler, Lenin, Cilt. 10, sf. 113<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> Alman Kom\u00fcnistlerine Mektup, Se\u00e7me Eserler, Lenin, Cilt. 10, sf. 329<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> Komintern YK organ\u0131 Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal\u2019deki \u201cPartilerin Bol\u015fevikle\u015fmesi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, Komintern\u2019deki SSCB delegesi ve Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Komitesi Sekreteri D. Manuilsky, Bol\u015fevikle\u015fmenin temel bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc, \u201cKarde\u015f partilerimizin temel g\u00f6revi, \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n ana hedefi, fabrika ve at\u00f6lye devrimcilerinden olu\u015fan, her \u015feyiyle devrim davas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 en geni\u015f kadrolar\u0131 olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r. Avrupa partilerinin fabrika ve at\u00f6lye h\u00fccrelerine dayal\u0131 yeniden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin hedefi budur<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde ortaya koymaktayd\u0131. \u201c\u2026t\u00fcm ulusal seksiyonlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu ortak bir g\u00f6rev var. <\/em>T\u00fcm seksiyonlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerle daha da yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 gerekiyor<\/em><\/strong>. Partilerin fabrika ve at\u00f6lye h\u00fccreleri temelinde yeniden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, sadece d\u0131\u015fa y\u00f6nelik ili\u015fkilerin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131yla ilgili mekanik bir reform de\u011fildir. Parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n merkezinin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak alt fabrika h\u00fccreleri alan\u0131na kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. At\u00f6lyelerdeki kom\u00fcnist h\u00fccrelerini, proleter kitlelerin devrimci m\u00fccadelesine \u00f6nderlik edecek m\u00fccadeleci kadrolara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f bir parti ancak ger\u00e7ekten Bol\u015fevikle\u015fti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebilir<\/em>\u201d diyor ve bu a\u00e7\u0131dan FKP\u2019deki ilerlemeye dikkat \u00e7ekiyor ve \u015funlar\u0131 belirtiyordu: \u201cKom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal, Fransa Kom\u00fcnist Partisi’nin bu yolda att\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131m\u0131 gururla g\u00f6zlemliyor. Parti kongresine kat\u0131lan 237 delegenin 200’den fazlas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iydi.<\/em>\u201d (Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal, 1924, cilt 1, say\u0131. 10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> Her t\u00fcrden oport\u00fcnizm ve revizyonizm, izledi\u011fi \u00e7izgi ve kitleler aras\u0131nda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 ve savrulmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6z\u00fcnde ayn\u0131 burjuva d\u00fcnyaya bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi i\u00e7inde burjuva ideolojisi ve ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n en gerici olanlar\u0131 da dahil t\u00fcm bi\u00e7imlerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesinin ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> Aktarmalar Lenin\u2019in 1897 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cRus Sosyal-Demokratlar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00f6revleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makaleden yap\u0131ld\u0131, Se\u00e7me Eserler, Cilt. 1, sf. 482-483<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> Se\u00e7me Eserler Cilt. 2, sf. 111<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partisini kurman\u0131n ilk giri\u015fimi olan Kom\u00fcnistler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin 1847\u2019de toplanan 1. Birlik Kongresi\u2019nde Marx ve Engels\u2019in aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan ve 2. Kongresi\u2019nde kabul edilen t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn 1. maddesinde amac\u0131, 2. maddesinde ise Kom\u00fcnistler Birli\u011fi\u2019ne \u00fcye olabilmenin ko\u015fullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r. \u00dcye olabilmenin birinci ko\u015fulu; t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn 1. maddesinde belirtilen ama\u00e7 \u201cdo\u011frultusunda bir ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi ve faaliyet<\/em>\u201d i\u00e7inde olunmas\u0131 ya da s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir. Marx ve Engels i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesinin eylem k\u0131lavuzu olan teorilerini in\u015fa etmenin daha ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren, Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto ve Kom\u00fcnistler Birli\u011fi t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk maddesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6zl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde ifade edilen amaca uygun bir \u201cya\u015fam ve faaliyet<\/em>\u201d i\u00e7inde oldular. Lenin, di\u011fer alanlarda oldu\u011fu gibi, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n devrimci partisine ve ona \u00fcye olabilmenin ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin Marx ve Engels\u2019in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini, her t\u00fcrden oport\u00fcnizme kar\u0131\u015f\u0131 savunarak geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> Lenin, Ne Yapmal\u0131, sf. 187<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lenin\u2019in de s\u0131k s\u0131k vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u201cHer devrimin temel sorunu devlet iktidar\u0131 sorunudur.\u201d[1] \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n politik iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek egemen s\u0131n\u0131f olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, kurtulu\u015funu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi yeni toplumsal d\u00fczeni kurmas\u0131n\u0131n  (kom\u00fcnist toplum) \u00f6n ko\u015fuludur. Bu nedenle, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi her \u015feyden \u00f6nce devlet iktidar\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesini merkezine alan politik bir m\u00fccadele olmak, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bilinci de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":83,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-504","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-2022-dominik-cumhuriyeti"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=504"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":505,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/504\/revisions\/505"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cipoml.net\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}